مجله پژوهش در متابولیت‌های  گیاهی

مجله پژوهش در متابولیت‌های گیاهی

بررسی اثر رویشگاه بر درصد اسانس و اجزای آن در اندام‌های مختلف مریم گلی تماشایی (Salvia hydrangea DC. ex Benth.) در استان اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان
چکیده
جنس مریم گلی یکی از بزرگ‌ترین و با ارزش‌ترین جنس‌های گیاهی تیره نعنائیان در جهان می‌باشد. در کشور ایران 58 گونه از این جنس رویش دارد که دارای خواص دارویی بوده و در طب سنتی مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرند. در این مطالعه درصد و اجزای تشکیل ‌دهنده اسانس در اندام‌های هوایی گل و برگ-ساقه گونه مریم گلی تماشایی (Salvia hydrangea) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. بدین منظور، چهار اکوتیپ مختلف مریم گلی تماشایی از محل رویشگاه‌های طبیعی واقع در شهرستان‌های سمیرم و فریدون‌شهر در استان اصفهان، در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی جمع‌آوری شدند. از گل و برگ-ساقه این گیاه به طور جداگانه توسط دستگاه کلونجر اسانس‌گیری شد. ترکیبات اسانس حاصله با استفاده از دستگاه گاز کروماتوگرافطیف سنج جرمی (GC/MS) تجزیه و شناسایی شدند. درصد اسانس گل در 4 اکوتیپ در محدوده 2/0 درصد تا 5/0 درصد و درصد اسانس برگ-ساقه در 4 اکوتیپ در محدوده 04/0 درصد تا 1/0 درصد وزنی-وزنی به‌دست آمد. درصد اسانس در نمونه‌های گل (5/0- 13/0 درصد) بیشتر از نمونه‌های برگ-ساقه(1/0- 04/0 درصد) بودند. در مجموع تعداد 45 ترکیب در اسانس اندام‌های هوایی این گونه شناسایی شد و ترکیبات اصلی در اسانس شامل کاریوفیلن (61/13 درصد تا 47/30 درصد) و اکسیدکاریوفیلن (22/1 درصد تا 66/18 درصد) در بین اکوتیپ های مورد بررسی بودند. بخش عمده اسانس گل و برگ-ساقه این گیاه را سزکوئی‌ترپن‌های هیدروکربنه تشکیل می‌دادند، با این وجود تعداد و تنوع اجزای تشکیل دهنده اسانس اندام‌های مورد مطالعه تا حدودی با هم متفاوت بودند و بسته به نیاز و اهمیت هر یک از اجزای تشکیل‌دهنده اسانس در صنایع مختلف غذایی و دارویی، می‌توان از اکوتیپ های  با ترکیب اسانسی مورد نظر استفاده نمود.
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